This “Relief of Hormin with a Weighing of the Heart” shows the Ancient Egyptian religious belief of the last judgment known as the “Weighing of the Heart.” In this judgment, the gods weighed the actions of the deceased while alive, symbolized by the heart to decide worthiness and destiny in the after-life.
The Ancient Egyptian religion was a complex system of polytheistic beliefs and rituals, which were an integral part of ancient Egyptian society. Ceremonies were efforts to gain the god’s favor and the state dedicated enormous resources to Egyptian rituals and the construction of the temples.
The Weighing of the Heart
In the realm of the dead of the Egyptian underworld, the hearts of the dead were weighed against the “Feather of Ma’at,” symbolically representing the ancient Egyptian concepts of truth, balance, order, harmony, law, morality, and justice. This is the reason that hearts were left in Egyptian mummies while their other organs were removed. The heart was seen as part of the Egyptian soul.
If the heart was found to be lighter or equal in weight to the feather of Maat, the deceased had led a virtuous life and would go on to the heavenly paradise where Osiris rules. Osiris came to be seen as the guardian of the gates of this heavenly paradise. The goddess Ammit devoured an unworthy heart. Ammit was a demoness and goddess in ancient Egyptian religion with a body that was a part lion, hippopotamus, and crocodile. These were the three largest “man-eating” animals known to ancient Egyptians.
The weighing of the heart, as pictured on papyrus in the Book of the Dead typically, or in tomb scenes, shows Anubis overseeing the weighing and Ammit seated awaiting the results so she could consume those who failed. The image would be the vertical heart on one flat surface of the balance scale and the vertical Shu-feather standing on the other balance scale surface. Anubis is the Greek name of a god associated with mummification and the afterlife in ancient Egyptian religion, usually depicted as a canine or a man with a canine head. Archaeologists have identified Anubis’s sacred animal as the African golden wolf.
Relief of Hormin with a Weighing of the Heart
- Title: Relief of Hormin with a Weighing of the Heart
- Created: 1290 – 1213 BC
- Period: 19th Dynasty, Reign of Sety – Ramses II
- Find-site: Saqqara, also spelled Sakkara or Saccara, Egypt
- Media: Limestone
- Museum: The Archaeological Civic Museum (MCA) of Bologna
Reflections
- The Heart in Egyptian mummies was considered as the soul.
- The demon of ancient Egyptians had a body that was part lion, part hippopotamus, and part crocodile.
Exhibits of the Archaeological Civic Museum
- Pillar of Ramsesemperre, Royal Cupbearer and Fanbearer
- Relief of Hormin with a Weighing of the Heart
- Relief of Horemheb with Nubian Prisoners
Explore Egyptian Art
- Nefertiti Bust
- Narmer Palette
- Tutankhamun’s Mask
- Merneptah Stele
- Standing Figure of Nefertiti
- A house altar showing Akhenaten and Nefertiti with their children
- Relief Portrait of Akhenaten
- The Rosetta Stone
- The Battlefield Palette 3100 BC
- Quartzite Head of the Egyptian Pharaoh Amenhotep III
- Colossal Granite Statue of Amenhotep III
- Hunters Palette
- Tomb of Nebamun
- The Temple of Dendur
- The Sphinx of Hatshepsut
- William the Faience Hippopotamus
- Shawabti of King Senkamanisken
- Younger Memnon (Ramesses II)
Egyptian Proverbs
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The only humiliating thing is helplessness.
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Every man is rich in excuses to safeguard his prejudices, his instincts, and his opinions.
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Seek peacefully, you will find.
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Man, know yourself… and you shalt know the gods.
~~~
You will free yourself when you learn to be neutral and follow the instructions of your heart without letting things perturb you. This is the way of Maat.
~~~
Judge by cause, not by effect.
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The first thing necessary in teaching is a master; the second is a pupil capable of carrying on the tradition.
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If you search for the laws of harmony, you will find knowledge.
~~~
The man who knows how to lead one of his brothers towards what he has known may one day be saved by that very brother.
~~~
For every joy, there is a price to be paid.
~~~
“Experience will show you; a Master can only point the way.”
– Egyptian Proverbs
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Photo Credit 1) JOM
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