Byzantine Gold Mosaics influenced “The Lady in Gold”

“Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I” by Gustav Klimt is also called “The Lady in Gold” or “The Woman in Gold” is a portrait commissioned by Adele’s husband.

This picture is the most significant representative work of Klimt’s golden phase. It was the first of two depictions of Adele by Klimt.

Klimt drew over a hundred preparatory sketches for the portrait starting is 1903.

During that year, Klimt visited the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna where he studied the early-Christian Byzantine gold mosaics of Justinian I and his wife, Empress Theodora.

The mosaics made a deep impression on Klimt. Klimt later said that the:

“mosaics of unbelievable splendor” were a “revelation.”

Klimt undertook more preparatory work for this portrait than any other piece he created.

This painting was completed using an elaborate technique of gold and silver leaf and then adding decorative motifs in bas-relief using gesso.

Klimt finished the work in1907, almost five years after his initial preparatory sketches.

Adel died in 1925 and then following the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938, Adele’s husband fled to Switzerland, leaving behind his extensive art collection.

The painting was stolen by the Nazis in 1941, along with the remainder of Ferdinand’s assets.

The lawyer acting on behalf of the German state gave the portrait to the Galerie Belvedere, claiming he was following the wishes Adele had made in her will.

When Ferdinand, her husband, died in 1946, he left a will that stated that his estate should go to his nephew and two nieces.

In 2006, following eight years of legal efforts by the Bloch-Bauer heirs, the painting was returned to the family.

In 2015 the story of how this painting returned to the family was dramatized in the famous film “Woman in Gold” starring Helen Mirren.

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Gustav Klimt

Gustav Klimt was a symbolist painter and one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement.

Klimt’s primary subject was the female body, and his works are marked by eroticism.

Klimt was influenced by Japanese art and Byzantine gold mosaics which led to his success with the paintings of his “golden phase,” many of which include gold leaf. “The Kiss” is Klimt’s most famous painting.

Biography of the painting “Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I.”

The picture was completed in 1907 and hung in the family house in Vienna, Austria
It was commissioned by the sitter’s husband, who owned the painting
The subject of the portrait, Adele died in 1925; her will asked that the artworks by Klimt be left to the Galerie Belvedere
The Nazis stole it in 1941 from the family house
It was displayed in the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, a museum in Vienna, Austria for nearly 60 years
Mr. Bloch-Bauer died in 1946; his will stated that his estate should go to his nephew and two nieces
Following eight years of legal effort by the Bloch-Bauer heirs, the painting was returned to the family
The painting sold in 2006 for $135 million and is now displayed in New York

Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I

Title: Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I
Artist: Gustav Klimt
Created: 1907
Medium: Oil, silver, and gold on canvas
Dimensions: 180 cm × 180 cm
Museum: Neue Galerie New York

Gustav Klimt

Name: Gustav Klimt
Born: 1862 – Baumgarten, Austrian Empire
Died: 1918 (aged 55) – Vienna, Austria-Hungary
Nationality: Imperial Austrian
Movement: Symbolism, Art Nouveau
Notable work:
- Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I
- The Kiss
- Margaret Stonborough-Wittgenstein
- Portrait of Hermine Gallia
- The House of Guardaboschi
- The Maiden
- Gustav Klimt – Landscapes
  - Farm Garden with Sunflowers
  - Avenue in the Park of Schloss Kammer
  - Schloss Kammer am Attersee III
  - Beech Grove I
  - Oberösterreichisches Bauernhaus
  - Rosebushes under the Trees
  - The House of Guardaboschi