Black St George Icon

This icon of Saint George has become known as ‘The Black George’ because the horse is painted black rather than the white horse that has traditionally been used for St George Icons. Russia converted to Christianity in 988, and much of its religious art was inspired by the Byzantine traditions. This icon made in 1400 was discovered in 1959 in a village in northern Russia. It was being used as a window-shutter.

The Black St George icon depicts Saint George and the Dragon which legends describe the saint slaying a dragon that demanded human sacrifices and thereby rescuing the princess chosen as the next offering. Some icons depicting the saint as a horseman killing the dragon date to the 12th century. The motif became popular, especially in Greek, Georgian and Russian icon traditions. The saint is depicted in the style of a Roman cavalryman. He is mostly shown on a white horse, facing right, but sometimes also on a black horse, or facing left. From its Eastern origins, it was introduced into the Western Christian tradition by the Crusades.

Byzantine art is the term used for the artistic products produced by or influenced by the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire. The empire emerged from Rome’s decline and lasted until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453. Many Eastern Orthodox states in Eastern Europe preserved the empire’s art for centuries afterward. Artistic traditions that originated in the Byzantine Empire, notably regarding icon painting were maintained in Greece, Cyprus, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Russia, and other Eastern Orthodox countries to the present day.

Icon

The word “icon” comes from the Greek word meaning “image” and refers to a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, from the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodoxy, and particular Eastern Catholic churches. The most common subjects include Christ, Mary, saints, or angels. Though primarily associated with the “portrait” style, images concentrating on one or two central figures, the term also covers religious images that including narrative scenes.

Russian Icons

The use and making of icons entered Kievan Rus’ following its conversion to Orthodox Christianity in 988 AD. The early Russian icons followed the models and formulas carted by the Byzantine world, led from the capital in Constantinople. Later the Russians widened the range of types and styles beyond the original Orthodox traditions.

Title: Black St George Icon
Date: 400 – 1450
Find site: Northern Russia in 1959
Materials: Egg tempera, gesso, wood
Museum: The British Museum

A Tour of the Collections of the British Museum

Ancient Egypt and Sudan Collection

The Rosetta Stone
The Battlefield Palette 3100 BC
Quartzite Head of the Egyptian Pharaoh Amenhotep III
Colossal Granite Statue of Amenhotep III
Hunters Palette
Tomb of Nebamun
Younger Memnon (Ramesses II)

Middle East Collection

The Lion Hunt
Cyrus Cylinder
Royal Game of Ur
Gilgamesh Flood Tablet
Stela of Shamshi-Adad V
Standard of Ur
Ram in a Thicket
Tell al-‘Ubaid Copper Lintel

Ancient Greece and Rome Collection

Marble figure of a Woman – Spedos Type
The Parthenon Marbles
The Parthenon Frieze
Metopes of the Parthenon
Pedimental Sculptures of the Parthenon
The Erechtheion Caryatid
Lion from the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
Bust of Pericles
Aegina Treasure
Townley Caryatid
Bronze Statue of a Youth
Thalia, Muse of Comedy
Nereid Monument
Sarcophagus of Seianti Hanunia Tlesnasa
Lely Venus – Crouching Aphrodite
Tomb of Payava
Marble Portrait Bust of the Blind Poet Homer

Britain, Europe, and Prehistory Collection

Ain Sakhri Lovers
The Sutton Hoo Ship Burial
Lewis Chessmen
Holy Thorn Reliquary
Mechanical Galleon
Black St George Icon
Knight Aquamanile
Gold Mold Cape

Asian Collection

Seated Buddha from Gandhara
Statue of Tara
Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara
Avalokiteshvara – Guanyin
Nandi – Figure of the Humped Bull of Śiva
Garuda
Budai Hesheng
Luohan – Yixian Glazed Ceramic Sculpture

Africa, Oceania and the Americas Collection

Double-Headed Serpent
Hoa Hakananai’a / Moai from Easter Island
Hawaiian Feathered Helmet
Bronze Head from Ife
Benin Ivory Mask

The Prints and Drawings Collection

“Studies of a Reclining Male Nude” by Michelangelo
Newport Castle by J. M. W. Turner
“Hampstead Heath” by John Constable
“The Great Wave off Kanagawa” by Katsushika Hokusai
“Rainstorm Beneath the Summit” by Katsushika Hokusai

Information on The British Museum

Masterpieces of the British Museum

Reflections

Why was the story and image of Saint George and the Dragon so popular?
What journey did this 1400 icon take from religious treasure to a 1959 window-shutter?
How much art & treasure has been lost in wars, revolutions, and neglect?

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“The saint who works no miracles isn’t glorified.”
– Greek Proverb

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Photo Credit: 1) JOM

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